Research paper comparative analysis of hospital waste. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. The hospitals mentioned suffer a severe lack of medical waste management awareness on all levels, it is noted that the most important priorities in the management of hospital waste is the. At 17 percent of the hospitals using radioiso topes, contaminated waste is incinerated at the hospital without longterm storage to reduce radioactivity levels. To characterize types and evaluate waste disposal techniques employed in the management of solid medical wastes in five selected hospitals in the federal capital territory, abuja, methods this was a cross section study involving the use of questionnaires, indepth interview, meetings, discussions and participant observed strategy. Nov 12, 2015 hospital waste management hwm hwm means the supervision of waste produced by hospitals using techniques that will help to check the spread of diseases through it. The bd pyxis es platform offers enterprisewise medication management through integration with. Fundamentals of healthcare waste management world health. Assessment of medical waste management in jenin district hospitals.
The incomplete segregation of domestic and medical waste generated a higher quantity of medical waste in primary hospitals 0. Infectious waste is suspected to contain pathogens. Characterization and management of solid medical wastes in. Azides that combine with the metals cu, pb or ammonium in plumbing systems and. In most emergency situations the predominant types of medical waste are infectious waste, pathological waste and sharps. The waste generated due to infections are burnt in the hospital itself to avoid its mixing with others wastes. Medical waste management in the tertiary hospitals of bangladesh 151 methodology procedures and sample this crosssectional study was designed to analyze the medical waste. Average composition of hospital waste in hospitals in kathmandu types of waste percentage medical general waste 62% infectious hazardous waste 23% non. Genotoxic waste waste containing cytotoxic drugsoften used in cancer therapy types and nature of hospital waste depends upon the service available in hospital and nature of the hospital. Assessment of healthcare waste management practices in enugu.
Generally, risk waste includes infectious waste, pathological, pharmaceutical, sharps, chemicals, genotoxic and radioactive wastes. Guide for sustainable waste management in the healthcare sector. As shown in the table, the average amount of clinical in this. For more information on the rule, visit the regulation page for hospital, medical, and infectious waste incinerators hmiwi. Health care waste management public health benefits, and. Preface hospital waste can not be seen as a new problem in the south asia.
These may be used as categories for segregation, but this will depend on the technologies selected for the final disposal of different waste types see 8. National laws on health care waste management should be established and be moved to an act. This paper therefore sets out to assess the healthcare waste management practices of health workers in those health institutions. A single container of dangerous waste may have several different codes. Waste treatment and disposal health care without harm. National laws on health care waste management should be established and be moved to an. The classification of waste items generated by the individual hospital as hazardous healthcare or other wastes should be very clear and precise. This general waste is generated by almost everybody in the hospital, i. Treatment and disposal technologies for healthcare waste.
Paper, plastic, metal and glass are the most widely recycled materials. Add to this pile the large amounts of ordinary garbage such as food. To study the solid waste generated per bed per day at. The housekeeping services team leader is the appointed waste officer. Pressurized container gas cylinder,aerosal cans etc 9. Incineration requires no pretreatment, provided that certain waste types. Kristell le corre1, mohammad katouli2,4, helen stratton3,4, christoph ort1 and jurg keller1. The nondisposable needles are sterilized and reused. This is the best time for nigerian government to establish a regulatory agency to effectively monitor medical wastes and its treatment in nigeria. In this paper, we will look into the main types of hospital waste pointing out. All staff shall be trained in waste management as part of their orientation and will receive waste. A hospital selfaudit form to copy and use in each department a page of best management practices and information about toxic substance substitution and waste minimization, for each.
Hospital or biomedical waste has distinct features apart from all other types of waste because of its infectious and hazardous properties. A hospital selfaudit form to copy and use in each department a page of best management practices and information about toxic substance substitution and waste minimization, for each specific department other guidance documents, pertinent to hospital waste management a list of pollution prevention vendors a list of resources. Definitions of terms wdnr publication wa 820 page 2 waste treatment facilities do not include the disinfection of an area after a spill and the disinfection of waste or reusable items in a small disinfectant soak pan. Sharps include the following whether infected or not. Model guidelines for state medical waste management. Waste that their collection and disposal necessitate special requirements regarding the risk of infection body tissues and human organs waste that derives from sources where there is. The total daily amount of medical waste generated at the jordanian hospitals was estimated to be 6 tonesday. Nonrisk waste is that, which is comparable to normal domestic garbage and presents no greater risk, therefore, than waste from a normal home. One of the major areas of todays concern is the west management more specifically hospital. This includes bloodsoaked bandages, sharps waste, surgical waste, human or body parts, cultures, and swabs. Waste segregation is a critical first step for the achievement of waste minimization, cost reduction and sustainable waste management 18 and offers the health facility the means to. Waste through the establishment of a safe and environmentally sound health care waste management system, bir.
The hospital waste management plans are devised to incorporate a standard protocol for effective management of waste disposal. The heat recovered from small hospital incinerators is used for preheating of waste to be burnt. Segregating, reusing, and recycling these wastes can make a significant difference to the. Hospital waste treatmentdestruction facilities could be implemented through one or more design, build, own, and operate dboo or design, build, operate and transfer dbot.
Hospital, medical, and infectious waste incinerators. Scalpels a thin straight surgical knife used in dissection and surgery infusion sets. Nov 09, 2016 whereas most offices will have recycling, shredding, or regular waste paper receptacles, those that deal with medical waste must adhere to strict laws of segregation and handling. To characterize types and evaluate waste disposal techniques employed in the management of solid medical wastes in five selected hospitals in the federal capital territory, abuja, methods. The other 10% to 25% is called hazardous medical waste or special waste. Definitions of terms wdnr publication wa 820 page 2 waste treatment facilities do not include the disinfection of an area after a spill and the disinfection of waste or reusable. It has equally received very little attention in nigeria in contrast to the management of other types of solid waste as hospital waste management was in a deplorable. Some work best in large facilities appropriate to major hospitals or centralized facilities, and others are best for low to middle income countries, small facilities and resource constrained settings. Disposal of biomedical waste pdf merge vrcollector. Hospitals also produce small amounts of chemical, pharmaceutical, and radioactive waste which requiring special handling. Health care waste hcw is a byproduct of health care. The management of waste poses to be a major problem in most of the countries, especially hospital waste. Waste management at medical centres the term medical centre can be used to refer to field hospitals, outpatient clinics and any other location where medical consultation, diagnosis or. Waste prevention and management in hospitals, march 2015 page 5 since the operation of the or generates a large portion of the hospital waste stream.
Waste prevention and management in hospitals resource. Waste schedule k, waste category as per who stapdard type of waste treatment and disposal option email protected deep category no. There is great need for effective environmental regulatory surveillance in nigeria. Put simply, if the process is producing more than is necessary it is overproducing. Hospital waste management hwm hwm means the supervision of waste produced by hospitals using techniques that will help to check the spread of diseases through. Add to this pile the large amounts of ordinary garbage such as food wrappers and utensils, which can make up 80% of the waste stream. Nonrisk waste includes garbage and general day to day waste. Thus hospital waste generation has become a prime concern due to its multidimensional ramifications as a risk factor to the health of patients, hospital staff and extending beyond the boundaries of the medical establishment to the general population. The range of hospital waste generation both infectious and mixed solid waste fractions varies from 0. Pdf this manual is a component of a larger world bankfunded programme to address. Bd pyxis medstation es, automated medication dispensing. Eleven recommendations for improving health care waste. Hospital, medical, and infectious waste incinerators hmiwi.
Possible options for the disposal of different waste types are given below. Assessment of healthcare waste management practices in. Model guidelines for state medical waste management author. These may be used as categories for segregation, but this will. Healthcare activities, although protect and restore health as well as save lives, generate a lot of wastes and byproducts that can impact on both health and environment. Discusses a set of voluntary guidelines for the management of the state medical wastes. Pharmaceutical waste expired outdated drugs chemicals 8.
Characteristics of the medical waste generated at the. Hospital waste is the biggest problem to manage in environmental friendly way so there is a myriad of techniques to manage, control and destroy the hospital waste some of which are. Hospital waste consists of both risk waste and non risk waste. The daily amounts of medical waste generated at king abdullah university hospital were found to follow a log normal probability distribution.
It helps clinicians safely and efficiently dispense the. The hospitals mentioned suffer a severe lack of medical waste management awareness on all levels, it is noted that the most important priorities in the management of hospital waste is the treatment of the medical waste created in those medical centers, implementing a proper and a safe way for both humans and environment. The bd pyxis medstation es is an automated medication dispensing system supporting decentralized medication management. One of the major areas of todays concern is the west management more specifically hospital waste management which has always been overlooked and thereby has produced many of the health hazards for the people in terms of morbidity and mortality. New source performance standards nsps, emission guidelines, and federal plan requirements. The daily amounts of medical waste generated at king abdullah university. National healthcare waste management plan guidance manual. The results indicated that the medical waste generation rate for total waste, infectious waste, general waste and sharp waste were 2.
Whereas most offices will have recycling, shredding, or regular waste paper receptacles, those that deal with medical waste must adhere to strict laws of segregation and. Medical waste management in the tertiary hospitals of. Not all medical waste is handled the same, as it is categorized depending on the type of waste. A larger hospital can produce up to a ton of waster everyday. Characteristics of healthcare wastes sciencedirect. Thus hospital waste generation has become a prime concern due to its multidimensional ramifications as a risk factor to the health of patients, hospital staff and extending beyond the. Jan 28, 2014 average composition of hospital waste in hospitals in kathmandu types of waste percentage medical general waste 62% infectious hazardous waste 23% nondegradable medical waste saline bottle 12% biomedical sharp 3% source. Healthcare waste management in selected government and. It helps clinicians safely and efficiently dispense the right medications, for the right patients at the right time.
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